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X-ray Bursters!

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X-ray Bursters! by walter l. Nature is always full of surprises, and in 1975 it rocked the X-ray community. Things became so intense that emotions at times got out of control, and I was in the middle of it all. For years I was arguing with a colleague of mine at Harvard (who would not listen), but I had more luck with my Russian colleagues (who did listen). Because of my central role in all of this it may be very difficult for me to be objective, but I’ll try! The new thing was X-ray bursts. They were discovered independently in 1975 by Grindlay and Heise using data from the Astronomical Netherlands Satellite (ANS) and by Belian, Conner, and Evans, using data from the United States’ two Vela-5 spy satellites designed to detect nuclear tests. X-ray bursts were a completely different animal from the variability we discovered from Sco X-1, which had a flare-up by a factor of four over a ten-minute period that lasted tens of minutes. X-ray bursts were much faster, much brighter, ...
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Why do farts smell bad?

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Why do farts smell bad?    by jay ingram XPERIMENTS TO EVALUATE FARTS aren’t all that easy to perform. It doesn’t take much to persuade volunteers to be farters, but it takes a lot to persuade them to be smellers. The few experiments that have been run, though, have all found the same thing: where there’s stink, there’s sulfur.In one infamous experiment, ten men and six women were put to work eating pinto beans and lactulose (a synthetic sugar usually used to treat constipation). The volunteers were then instructed to fart into a number of test tubes and then quickly seal them up to trap the gas. The researchers analyzed the gas to see if it contained any sulfur compounds. They weren’t surprised when they found a cocktail of sulfurous chemicals. Then came the hard part. The scientists gave the tubes to a group of judges and asked them to rank the intensity of the smell in each one. When the researchers compared the judges’ results with their chemical analysis, they ...
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Why do some people faint when they see blood?

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Why do some people faint when they see blood?  by jay ingram(science of why book) A LOT OF SCIENTISTS WILL answer this question by simply saying, “Nobody has a clue.” That might be short and to the point, but it’s far from satisfying. There are answers, but they’re contentious, and one in particular has the uncanny ability to make some scientists’ blood boil.Lowered blood pressure, an irregular heartbeat or low blood sugar can all result in a momentary loss of consciousness called fainting—or in medical terms, syncope (rhymes with “canopy”). Humans can faint for all sorts of odd reasons—you may hear of people fainting after coughing, after urinating or after stretching. Sometimes, you can faint simply by getting out of a chair too quickly. In most cases, standing up suddenly causes blood to pool in the legs, lessening flow to the brain. If that dip in blood pressure is extreme, it knocks you out for a short time. You recover because blood flow is re-established to your bra...
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THE ALTRUISM HIERARCHY

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THE ALTRUISM HIERARCHY                     BY JAMIL ZAKI Assistant professor of                           psychology, Stanford University Human beings are the unequivocal world champions of niceness. We act kindly not only toward people who belong to our own social groups or can reciprocate our generosity but also toward strangers thousands of miles away who will never know we helped them. All around the world, people sacrifice their resources, well-being, and even their lives in the service of others. For behavioral scientists, the great and terrible thing about altruism—behavior that helps others at a cost to the helper—is its inherent contradictions. Prosocial behaviors appear to contradict economic and evolutionary axioms about how humans should behave: selfishly, nasty and brutish, red in tooth and claw, or whichever catchphrase you prefer. After all, how...
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Why does red wine become lighter in color as it ages, but white wine become darker?

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Why does red wine become lighter in color as it ages, but white wine become darker? ANS:BY volker stuck    Color maturation in wines is just one small aspect of a very complicated chemical process. When red wines age they gradually turn from a deep purple color to a light brick red. Red wines are kept in contact with the grape skins throughout fermentation. During this process, blue/red-colored phenolic compounds called anthocyanins leach from the skins into the wine. As the wine ages, small amounts of oxygen react with anthocyanins and other, mostly colorless, phenolic compounds, causing them to polymerize and form pigmented tannins. Over time, these produce the brick-red color. Often tannin complexes grow as they react with other wine constituents, such as proteins, and many become too large to stay in solution and precipitate out, leading to the sediment you may find in aged wines. White wines start out in bottles with a greenish tinge (young wines in Portugal are...
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WHAT IS WHITE DWARF?

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Hey,this is debanjan from blackhole mystery. So see what next?" We all know about stars I.e. sun and etc.But there are many types of stars different by their brightness of emitted light.In stellar structure we shall now illustrate about white dwarf.White dwarf stars occupy a key position in astrophysics.The conception of these type of stars come from statistical mechanics.A white dwarf Sirius B whose existence was proved by the quantum-statistical theory of electron gas by scientist Fermi and Dirac .If a plot is made between brightness and the wavelength of the emitted light,then most of the stars fall within a linear strip,which indicates that the brightness is proportional to the wavelength.These sequence is called 'main sequence'.And there are two other type of stars exist.They are known as "Red giants" and "White Dwarf".Red giants stars are huge and abnormally bright.The white dwarf stars are highly under luminous.The white dwarf Sirius has a m...
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Time dilation

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We all heard about space-time,time dilation, length contraction etc.These are the ideas coming from special theory of relativity of Einstein.He gave a thought when any object goes in a speed nearly of light then it's mass converts into emerge This is a huge change in the history of science.We all know about the popular equation. Hence from these ideas many theory invented.Lorentz also came in the field of physics.we know about Lorentz contraction.Time dilation is the property which says that  for a particle which go in the speed of light,to it time goes very slowly,otherwise for any normal particle in any inertial medium time goes normally. In a brief we say that moving clock goes slow.Here arises the twin paradox.It says that there are two twin brother.one of them is interested in space .So one brother went space in a speed of light 'C',other bother lived in earth normally,The astronomer brother who went space spend 3 years in space.The time is 3 years to him...
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